Perfect つ

つ （aux. shimo-nidan 下二) is a perfect aspect and, in general, conveys a sense of completion or a change in condition. In modern Japanese, it is similar to 〜てしまう.

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Usage

Conjugation

未然刑	連用形	終止形	連体形	已然形	命令形
て	て	つ	つる	つれ	てよ

Suffixation

連用 of verbs and adjectives （ラ変）. It is commonly suffixed to transitive (or action) verbs, suggesting the volition or direct involvement of the subject.

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Grammatical Function

1. 完了かんりょう. Perfective. ～た、～てしまった. 2. 確述かくじゅつ. Emphatic usually related to certainty or completion. 確かに～、全く～. As with other suffixes, つ conveys both of its two meanings. That is, it can convey the perfect and emphatic simultaneously. However, there are times when it clearly conveys only the emphatic. As an emphatic, it is usually seen in combination with む（～てむ）, べし（～つべし）, よ（～てよ）, or けり（～てけり）.

• 淀みに浮かぶうたかたは、かつ消えかつ結びて...＜方丈記＞ The foam that floats in the pool, disappears and forms, (and so) there is no example of it having stayed at length.
• お酒を飲みてむ。We would drink up the wine.

あり

ありvi. ra-irr. Declarative function.

1. Following the renyōkei of adjectives, negative auxiliary ず (ず form), and conjecture べし (べく from), and others, it indicates that a condition exists or is continuing. MJ ～である, ～している. Its basic function is indicate existence or continuation and is at the root of words such as なり (にあり) and たり(とあり) which are declarative copulas. 
2. When suffixed to conjunctive particles て and つつ, it indicates the continuation of the completion or result of an action.